Questões de Concursos Públicos: 2020

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Um gás ideal sofre uma transformação isobárica cuja pressão é 10 N/m2, alterando de volume de 2 m3 para 6 m3. Sendo assim, assinale a opção que fornece o trabalho, em joules, realizado pelo gás sobre o ambiente.

Uma corda de comprimento 16 m apoiada no chão extremamente liso é esticada pelas suas extremidades. Em uma de suas extremidades gera-se uma sequência de pulsos (onda) que se propaga pela corda. Sabendo que o comprimento de onda é de 2 m e que a frequência da fonte que faz oscilar a corda é de 4 Hz, assinale a opção que fornece o intervalo de tempo, em segundos, necessário para que um pulso se propague de uma extremidade a outra.

Um garoto em repouso no alto de um tobogã desliza por um desnível de 5 m. Desconsiderando qualquer tipo de atrito, possibilidade de rolamento e considerando g = 10 m/s2, assinale a opção que apresenta a velocidade, em m/s, com que o garoto chegará ao final.

Um rapaz se desloca sempre em linha reta e no mesmo sentido por um percurso total de 20 km: a primeira metade com uma velocidade constante de 3,0 km/h e a segunda metade com uma velocidade constante de 5,0 km/h. Considerando desprezível o intervalo de tempo necessário para a mudança na velocidade, assinale a opção que apresenta a velocidade média, em km/h, que mais se aproxima a do rapaz considerando o percurso total.

Considerando as afirmativas abaixo, marque a opção correta,

Um termômetro registra a temperatura de 932 °F. Converta esse valor para a escala Celsius e marque a opção correta.
Dados:,pontos fixos de fusão e ebulição, respectivamente, nas escalas Celsius (0 °C e 100 °C) e Fahrenheit (32 °F e 212 °F), sob pressão normal.

Um fio de cobre apresenta resistência elétrica de 2,0 Ω e comprimento de 4,0 m. Sabendo que a resistividade elétrica do cobre é de 1,7 x 10-8 Ωm, calcule a área da secção transversal do fio, em m2, e assinale a opção correta.

Texto associado.

Native English speakers are the world’s worst communicators

It was just one word in one email, but it caused huge financial losses for a multinational company. The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.

Months later, senior management investigated why the project had failed, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. “It all traced back to this one word,” says Chia Suan Chong, a K-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn’t reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable. “Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.”

When such misunderstandings happen, it’s usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language, according to Chong. “A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the world’s global language. They feel they don’t have to spend time learning another language.”

The non-native speakers, it turns out, speak more purposefully and carefully, trying to communicate efficiently with limited, simple language, typical of someone speaking a second or third language. Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others to follow, and use jokes, slang, abbreviations and references specific to their own culture, says Chong. “The native English speaker is the only one who might not feel the need to adapt to the others,” she adds.

Adapted from http://www.bbc.com/capital/story/20161028-native-english-speakers-are-the-worlds-worst-communicators

Choose the alternative that correctly substitutes SPIRALLED OUT OF CONTROL in the sentence “Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.” (paragraph 2).

Texto associado.

OXFAM AMERICA

Oxfam stands for the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief. It was started in Oxford, England in 1942 in response to the European famine-related issues resulting from the Second World War. Ten other countries worldwide, including the United States and Australia, have started chapters of Oxfam. They make up what is known as Oxfam International.

Oxfam America is dedicated to creating lasting solutions to hunger, poverty, and social injustice through long-term partnerships with poor communities around the world. As a privately funded organization, we can speak with conviction and integrity as we challenge the structural barriers that foster conflict and human suffering and limit people from gaining the skills, resources, and power to become self-sufficient.

Oxfam implements various global projects that target areas particularly affected by hunger. The projects focus on developing self-sufficiency of the communities in which they are based, as opposed to merely providing relief in the form of food aid. Oxfam’s projects operate on the communal level, and are developed by evaluating issues causing poverty and hunger in the community and subsequently the possible infrastructure that could end hunger and foster the attainment of self-sufficiency. Examples of projects in which Oxfam America has been or is involved range from a women’s literacy program in India to providing microloans and agriculture education programs for small-scale organic farmers in California.

Adapted from http://students.brown.edu/Hourglass_Cafe/Pages/about.htm

According to the text, choose the correct alternative.

Texto associado.

OXFAM AMERICA

Oxfam stands for the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief. It was started in Oxford, England in 1942 in response to the European famine-related issues resulting from the Second World War. Ten other countries worldwide, including the United States and Australia, have started chapters of Oxfam. They make up what is known as Oxfam International.

Oxfam America is dedicated to creating lasting solutions to hunger, poverty, and social injustice through long-term partnerships with poor communities around the world. As a privately funded organization, we can speak with conviction and integrity as we challenge the structural barriers that foster conflict and human suffering and limit people from gaining the skills, resources, and power to become self-sufficient.

Oxfam implements various global projects that target areas particularly affected by hunger. The projects focus on developing self-sufficiency of the communities in which they are based, as opposed to merely providing relief in the form of food aid. Oxfam’s projects operate on the communal level, and are developed by evaluating issues causing poverty and hunger in the community and subsequently the possible infrastructure that could end hunger and foster the attainment of self-sufficiency. Examples of projects in which Oxfam America has been or is involved range from a women’s literacy program in India to providing microloans and agriculture education programs for small-scale organic farmers in California.

Adapted from http://students.brown.edu/Hourglass_Cafe/Pages/about.htm

In the sentence “The projects focus on developing self-sufficiency of the communities in which they are based.” (paragraph 3), the words in which and they consecutively refer to