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Questão 691152: In terms of comprehension of the text above, decide which...

In terms of comprehension of the text above, decide which of the statements below is correct.

Questão 691152 | Inglês, Conhecimentos Básicos, CGE CE, CESPE CEBRASPE, Ensino Médio

Texto associado.

1 Accountability, good government and public trust are

inextricably bound. Supreme Audit Institutions fulfil an

exceptional role in the public domain, checking if governments

4 spend their money properly. They are like ‘watchdogs’ for

citizens and parliaments with the purpose of auditing public

expenditure and examining the effectiveness of policies. They

7 aim to enhance the trustworthiness of government institutions,

all the more so in fragile democracies. They do so, for instance,

in striving to disclose cases of corruption, not just in the

10 highest echelons of government, but also in everyday petty

bribery. And they can be found counting houses, roads and

water taps, to see if government’s promises are being kept.

Roel Janssen. The art of audit. Amsterdam University Press, 2016 (adapted).

In terms of comprehension of the text above, decide which of the statements below is correct.

a) The expression “all the more” (l.8) means not only but also.
b) Supreme Audit Institutions focus primarily on the top chains of command in the government and on common minor cases of extortion.
c) Politically weak or unstable countries are no places for supreme audit institutions to exist and prosper.
d) In “They do so” (l.8), “do” refers to “enhance” (l.7).
e) Counting water taps may eventually provide evidence of government unaccountability.

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1 Questão 52841 | Inglês, Aspirante da Polícia Militar, Polícia Militar PR, UFPR, Ensino Médio

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O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

Ancient dreams of intelligent machines: 3,000 years of robots

    The French philosopher René Descartes was reputedly fond of automata: they inspired his view that living things were biological machines that function like clockwork. Less known is a strange story that began to circulate after the philosopher’s death in 1650. This centred on Descartes’s daughter Francine, who died of scarlet fever at the age of five.
    According to the tale, a distraught Descartes had a clockwork Francine made: a walking, talking simulacrum. When Queen Christina invited the philosopher to Sweden in 1649, he sailed with the automaton concealed in a casket. Suspicious sailors forced the trunk open; when the mechanical child sat up to greet them, the horrified crew threw it overboard.
    The story is probably apocryphal. But it sums up the hopes and fears that have been associated with human-like machines for nearly three millennia. Those who build such devices do so in the hope that they will overcome natural limits – in Descartes’s case, death itself. But this very unnaturalness terrifies and repulses others. In our era of advanced robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), those polarized responses persist, with pundits and the public applauding or warning against each advance. Digging into the deep history of intelligent machines, both real and imagined, we see how these attitudes evolved: from fantasies of trusty mechanical helpers to fears that runaway advances in technology might lead to creatures that supersede humanity itself.

(Disponível em: .)

According to the text, it is correct to say:

a) In a near future, people will be better prepared to cope with the idea of death.
b) Humanity will disappear if advances in technology become uncontrollable.
c) There are groups with different positions about intelligent machines.
d) The first examples of automata have been attributed to Descartes’ contemporaries.
e) People have dreamed of human-like machines for more than three thousand years.

4 Questão 693689 | Inglês, Sargento da Aeronáutica Aeronavegantes e Não Aeronavegantes, EEAR, Aeronáutica, Ensino Médio

Texto associado.

TV addiction

1 The amount of time people spend watching television is

astonishing. On average, individuals in the industrialized

world devote three hours a day to the pursuit, fully half of

their leisure time, and more than on any single activity save

5 work and sleep. Someone who lives to 75 would spend nine

years in front of the tube. To some commentators, this

devotion means simply that people enjoy TV and make a

conscious decision to watch it. But if that is the whole story,

why do so many people experience misgivings about how

10 much they view?

www.sciam.com/article.cfm

Write (T) True or (F) False, according to the text. Then choose the correct alternative.

( ) The quality of TV programs in different countries determines

the amount of time people devote to TV watching.

( ) Some commentators believe people watch so much TV simply because they enjoy it.

( ) People spend too much time watching TV.

a) F – T – F
b) F – T – T
c) T – F – T
d) F – T – F